Exploring the Cosmos - Degree Exam 2014 - Life and Death of Stars (Part 1)
1. A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is a plot of stars'
distances as a function of their mass.
absolute magnitudes as a function of their spectral types.
mass as a function of their absolute magnitudes.
spectral types as a function of their distances.
2. The study of typical light curves from Type Ia supernovae indicates that
these occur only in distant galaxies.
vast amounts of neutrinos are emitted in the explosion.
radioactive nuclei form as a result of the explosion.
they originate from solar-like stars.
3. Primordial elements were created in
nuclear experiments on Earth.
the Big Bang.
supernovae.
stellar cores.
4. In the modern deï¬nition of the magnitude scale, a change of 5 in the magnitude of an object corresponds to a change in apparent brightness of exactly a factor of
50
5
100
10
5. The Sun is the brightest object in the sky and has an apparent magnitude of
-26.7
26.7
1
-1
6. Spectroscopic parallax is a technique allowing astronomers to
estimate the size of relatively far-away stars.
measure distances to relatively far-away stars.
determine the temperature of relatively far-away stars.
infer the mass of relatively far-away stars.
7. The apparent brightness of a star is
inversely proportional to its luminosity and proportional to the square of its distance.
proportional to the square of its luminosity and inversely proportional to its distance.
inversely proportional to the square of its luminosity and proportional to its distance.
proportional to its luminosity and inversely proportional to the square of its distance.
8. A star’s luminosity class is determined by
the width of its spectral lines.
its effective temperature.
its apparent brightness.
the abundance of heavy elements in its atmosphere.
9. The lifetime of a main-sequence star that is twice as massive as the Sun is
the same as our Sun’s lifetime.
unknown unless we know its chemical composition.
10 times shorter than our Sun’s lifetime.
10 times longer than our Sun’s lifetime.
10. A spectroscopic binary is a pair of stars that
are so close to each other that they cannot be seen separately with a telescope.
appear by chance to be close to each other but in reality are distant from each other.
are distant from each other but share the same spectral features.
are very close to each other but can be seen separately with a telescope.
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