Exploring the Cosmos - Class Test 1 - Particles, Forces & the Big Bang
1. What is the observable universe?
All parts of the universe that are not obscured by celestial objects.
The portion of the universe that our eyes can see.
Part of the universe that the most powerful telescopes can resolve.
The portion of the universe from which light had enough time to travel to us.
2. One of Kepler’s laws states that
Rhere is no special centre around which the universe rotates.
A planet orbits the sun with constant angular velocity.
Planetary orbits are elliptical.
Planets can not be more massive than the star around which they orbit.
3. The apparent brightness of stars changes with their distance (r) away from us as
1/sqrt(r)
1/r^2
r
1/r
4. Edwin Hubble observed that galaxies seem to be moving away from us in all directions. This means:
We are close to the centre of the expanding universe.
The universe is expanding, but it has no centre.
The measurements are not accurate enough to pinpoint the centre of expansion.
We are at the centre of the expanding universe.
5. Who of the following believed that the Sun and all of the planets orbit around the Earth?
Galileo
Ptolemy
Tycho Brahe
Copernicus
6. A closed universe
is flat, like a plane.
will expand forever.
has negative curvature, like a saddle.
has positive curvature, like a sphere.
7. The sky is dark at night because
some stars are so far away that their light has not yet reached us.
our eyes are not sensitive enough.
there is dark matter in between the stars.
the universe is only sparsely populated with stars.
8. What is the observable universe?
Part of the universe that the most powerful telescopes can resolve.
The portion of the universe from which light had enough time to travel to us.
The portion of the universe that our eyes can see.
All parts of the universe that are not obscured by celestial objects.
9. Kepler’s laws show that
there is no special centre around which the universe rotates.
planets can not be more massive than the star around which they orbit.
a planet orbits the sun with constant angular velocity.
planetary orbits are elliptical.
10. The red shift of light from very distant galaxies shows they are
accelerating away from us.
moving toward us.
very far away.
formed a long time ago compared to nearby galaxies.
11. Edwin Hubble observed that galaxies seem to be moving away from us in all directions. This means:
we are close to the centre of the expanding universe.
we are at the centre of the expanding universe.
the measurements are not accurate enough to pinpoint the centre of expansion.
the universe is expanding, but it has no centre.
12. The assumption of universality states that
the physics of the universe is the same everywhere and at all times.
the universe looks the same in all directions.
the university looks the same at all epochs.
the universe looks the same in all locations.
13. What was the famous and remarkable achievement of Eratosthenes in 240 BC?
He realised that the Earth’s axis tilts, causing the seasons.
He realised that the Earth goes around the Sun.
He measured the distance from the Earth to the Sun to within a few percent.
He measured the size of the Earth to within a few percent.
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